A firing squad.

"stand in the corner face to the wall young lady/man" whoever!

The "artist" would stay after school and clean all the desks in that class.

I remember the principals paddle fondly, but still have dreams about a home room teacher who would stretch your fingers back exposing the palm of the hand, and swat it hard with a heavy ruler, depending on the offense it could be more than once. I did just about everything I could to not get caught at anything, fortunately I never got busted for writing on the desk.

ggraves is right, open your palm and hold it out, get smacked once for more depending on the teacher as hard as they could smack!!

Depending on the teacher and how bad their mood was that day ( I don't think they had good moods) it could range from lines,through detention or even the cane

When I wrote on a desk in summer school, I had to clean and sand it. yeah they made me do it.

A spanking at school and parents were called in.

Corporal punishment or the teacher threatening to have your parents pay for the damages.

It was probably corporal punishment or even 'lines'. But we never got caught or punished.
The worst trick was to write someone else's name.

Our teacher carried a wooden ruler and a smack on the hand made us remember not to write on our desks or anything else we were not supposed to. It really did not hurt any of us to be disciplined. when we needed it.

Most of the teachers at my school had a purpose made black leather strap about 2 foot long and 2 inches wide. One teacher even named his strap Black Bess. These straps would be used on the palms of the offending child up to maybe 5 strokes at a time. We called this 'getting the cuts'.

You could be smacked on the hands with a ruler.

I remember that they would have to write on the chalkboard like you said, plus would get detention and their parents would be called to talk to the principal. I can see having to pay for the damage, but not arresting someone. That's ridiculous and a bit overkill.